ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Hay estudios que permiten comprender aspectos relacionados al Covid 19, pero no hay muchas publicaciones relativas a su impacto poblacional. Objetivo: Estudiar la relación de la letalidad y mortalidad con variables sociales, demográficas, económicas y de salud más relevantes durante los primeros 90 días de la pandemia en 60 países del mundo de los cuatro continentes. Material y métodos : Estudio transversal descriptivo y analítico de casos. Los casos lo conformaron 60 países seleccionados según la magnitud de su afectación por Covid 19. La mortalidad y la letalidad fueron estratificadas y se contrastaron con las variables de los países seleccionados mediante comparación de medias. Resultados: Se encontró una fuerte correlación entre la mortalidad y letalidad (r=0,70). El día en que se inició la enfermedad en un país y su crecimiento de infectados mostraron diferencias entre países: aquellos con mejores indicadores económicos e índice de desarrollo humano, tuvieron menos letalidad al inicio de la enfermedad. Al aumentar la incidencia, estas diferencias desaparecieron. Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que al inicio de la enfermedad en un país, los mejores servicios son importantes, pero luego cuando la enfermedad ya se expandió, la incidencia es la variable más importante. Este resultado mostró que no hay recursos sanitarios que puedan disminuir la letalidad, independiente de cualquier otra característica del país afectado.
SUMMARY There are are studies that allow us to understand specific aspects related to COVID-19, but few studies have evaluated the population implications of it. Objectives: To study the relationship between case fatality rate and mortality with sociodemographic, economic and health variables during the first 90 day of the pandemic in 60 countries across four continents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried-out; cases were made up of 60 countries selected according to the magnitude of their affectation by Covid 19. Mortality and lethality were stratified and contrasted with the variables of the selected countries by means of comparison of means. Results : A strong correlation was found between mortality and lethality (r = 0.70). The day the disease began in a country and its growth in infected showed differences between countries: those with better economic indicators and human development index had less fatality at the beginning of the disease. As the incidence increased, these differences disappeared. Conclusion : Rev Med Hered. The results suggest that at the beginning of the disease in a country, the best services are important, but later when the disease has already spread, incidence is the most important variable. This result showed that there are no health resources that can reduce fatality, independent of any other characteristic of the affected
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: As causas mais importantes de mortalidade em pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica Terminal (DRCT) são as doenças cardiovasculares. No entanto, existem doenças infecciosas virais (hepatite B e C) que se tornaram uma questão de grande importância para pacientes em hemodiálise, pois afetam a sua sobrevida aumentando a morbidade e a mortalidade. Nosso objetivo foi estudar a influência da hepatite C na mortalidade em pacientes em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: Realizamos um estudo de coorte não concorrente durante 10 anos. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 74 pacientes em cada coorte. A hepatite C não aumentou o risco de morte nos pacientes e a sobrevida dos pacientes com essa infecção foi melhor do que no grupo sem hepatite C. A sobrevida em pacientes não infectados no primeiro e quinto anos foi de 93,9 por cento e 52,3 por cento; e para os não infectados foi de 95,5 por cento e 73,1 por cento, respectivamente (Log Rank Mantel Cox, p = 0,02). CONCLUSÃO: Não encontramos aumento no risco de mortalidade. A hepatite C não se correlaciona com aumento de mortalidade em pacientes com DRCT em programa de hemodiálise.
OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important causes of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, viral infections (hepatitis B and C) have acquired great importance for patients undergoing hemodialysis, because they affect patients' survival and increase morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at assessing the influence of hepatitis C on the mortality of patients undergoing hemodialysis. METHODS: This is a non-concurrent cohort study during a period of ten years. RESULTS: Each cohort comprised 74 patients. Hepatitis C did not increase the risk of death, and the survival of infected patients was better than that of patients without hepatitis C. The one-year and five-year survivals of non-infected patients were 93.9 percent and 52.3 percent, respectively, while those of noninfected patients were 95.5 percent and 73.1 percent, respectively (Cox-Mantel log-rank, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: No increase in mortality risk was observed. Hepatitis C did not correlate with an increase in mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis.